Data sets

IAVCEI Commission on Tephra Hazard Modelling

INPUT	Cerro Negro (Nicaragua) 29 Nov-2 Dec 1995	El Chichon (Mexico) 4 April 1982 (phase B)	Etna (Italy) 21-24 July 2001	Montserrat (West Indies) 31 March 1997	Mt. St. Helens (USA) 18 May 1980	Ruapehu (New Zealand) 17 June 1996	Spurr (Alaska) 18 August 1992	Spurr (Alaska) 16-17 September 1992	Eyjafjallajökull (Iceland) 14 April-21 May 2010 (data for 4-8 May 2010)
Eruption type	violent Strombolian (weak plume)	Plinian (strong plume)	strong-strombolian (weak plume)	dome collapse (co-PF plumes)	Plinian+coignimbrite (strong plume)	sub-plinian (weak plume)	sub-plinian	sub-plinian	long-lasting weak plume
Vent location	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates	coordinates
Magma Composition	Basalt	Trachyandesite	Basalt	Andesite	Dacite	Andesite	Calc-alkalic andesite	Calc-alkalic andesite	trachyte/trachyandesite
Start time¹	06:00 LT brief description	01:39 GMT	00:00 LT	NA	08:32 LT	08:30 LT 15:00 LT brief description	00:42 UTC	06:35 UTC: 08:05 UTC	8:00 UTC 14 April
Duration	4 days	4 hrs	4 days	NA	9 hrs	4:30 h 2:00 h	12600 s	600 s 12900 s	36 days
Plume height (km)	Max: 2.5	Max: 32	Max: 2.5	Max: 4	Max Plinian: 19 Average Plinian: 16 Max coignimbrite: 31 height variation	Max: 8.5 km	Max: 14 km	Max: 14 km	5-10 km see Arason et al. 2011 for more details
Pyroclastic flow runout (km)	no PFs	6	no PFs	4	8	no PFs	NA	NA	NA
Fall volume (x 10⁶ m³)	2.9	8x10²	2.3	0.1	1.4x10³	4	14	15	0.1-0.2 30 min average for 4-8 May 2010 period
Deposit density³ (kg m^-3)	1200 at 1km 800 at 4km 600 at 20km	1300	1321	1200	450	1230 -1270	1500-2070	1500-2070	1200
Total grainsize	Mdf= 0.5 f s=0.3	NA	grainsize	grainsize	grainsize	grainsize	grainsize	grainsize	grainsize
Particle density (kg m^-3)	1000-2600	1000-2700	900-2600	2600	650-2600	1100- 2650	2500	2500	900-2700
Aggregation	NA	yes Varekamp et al. (1984)	no	yes Bonadonna et al. (2002a)	yes Carey and Sigurdsson (1982); Sorem (1982)	no	yes	yes	yes
Winds	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile	wind profile
Tephra accumulation	thickness file	thickness file	mass/area file	mass/area file	thickness file	mass/area file	mass/area file	mass/area file	mass/area file
Source	Hill et al. (1998)	Sigurdsson et al. (1984); Carey and Sigurdsson (1986); Varekamp et al. (1984)	Scollo et al. (2007)	Bonadonna et al. (2002a); Bonadonna et al. (2002b)	Sarna-Wojcicki et al. (1981); Carey and Sigurdsson (1982); Sorem (1982); Carey et al. (1990); Holasek and Self (1995); Durant et al. (2009)	Bonadonna and Houghton (2005); Bonadonna et al. (2005)	Durant and Rose (2009)	Durant and Rose (2009)	Bonadonna et al. (2011)
Contact	mail to B. Hill	mail to S. Carey	mail to S. Scollo	mail to C. Bonadonna	mail to A. Sarna-Wojcicki and Durant	mail to C. Bonadonna	mail to Durant	mail to Durant	mail to C. Bonadonna

¹GMT: Greenwich Mean Time, LT: Local Time;²volumes are total bulk-deposit volumes; ³deposit densities are uncompacted densities. NA= not available

Users are warmly encouraged to acknowledge the data provider (indicated in the database) and the Tephra Hazard Modelling Commission when using these data.

Other data source: USGS Digital Data Series dataset of the Holocene tephras of the Mono-Inyo Craters http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/758/

If you want to add a dataset, email Costanza Bonadonna or Simona Scollo

e-mail your questions or comments to Costanza Bonadonna or Simona Scollo last modified: 15 July 2013